- A Broader Outlook on Indian Chemical Industry

India has achieved considerable progress in productioncommonly used in detergents, glass, soap, fertiliser,
of chemicals. And with slash in tariffs, Indian chemicalalkalies etc. However, the industry is encountering stiff
companies with well-built systems and structuredcompetition from international players, when it comes
operations are likely to be benefited further.to catering to the requirements of the local markets.
It is not only country’s oldest industry, but the IndianOrganic Chemicals
Chemical Industry has been contributing to India’sIt is reportedly 1billion dollar industry and includes an
growing economy in a phenomenal way. It may bearray of chemicals. Most of the companies
hard to believe, but the industry serves the basic needmanufacturing organic chemicals can be found in
of many different industry verticals like natural gas,western India.
water, oil, metals, minerals, air, oil, etc and all theseFine Specialties
verticals eventually bring into marketplace an array ofThe fine specialties segment is highly fragmented, with
products, almost 70000 products, to be precise.sizeable number of big players. However, all these
Today, India has achieved considerable progress inplayers operate on low volume and high price margin. It
production of basic organic and inorganic chemicals,is one of the fastest growing sectors with market
pesticides, paints, dyestuffs and intermediates,around US$80 million p.a. And many big and small Indian
petrochemicals, fine and specialty <a rel="nofollow"companies form part of it. The major end user
onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('segments include: Textile, Leather, paper, detergent,
outgoing/article_exit_link');" href= and toiletry product<rubber, paints, polyester, oil and gas etc.
a> segments. And with slash in tariffs, IndianBulk Drugs
chemical companies with well-built systems andBulk Drugs have a large market in India and in the
structured operations are likely to be benefited further.outside world. Out of the 475 drugs used, 425 are
The companies manufacturing highly valued chemicals,locally procured. There are around 350 units in the
and who are compliant of industrial quality standards,organized sector, while there can be many more in the
can make their mark not just in India but even in theunorganized sector. Bulk drug production is
overseas markets as well.concentrated in the areas around Bombay,
In Indian context, the rise in disposable income has ledAnkleshwar, Hyderabad – Madras, Chandigarh.
to improved chemical consumption. This has aidedIndia has very strong base in reverse engineering,
country’s GDP climb further, from 9% to 13%. In anmolecular chemistry and patents on processes and
attempt to make the industry more progressive andnot just on products. Major players in India in bulk drug
flourishing, the government of India has introduced acategory include: Ranbaxy, Dr. Reddy's, Cheminor,
slew of policies and special economic zones centeringShasun, Cipla, Lupin, IPCA, Sun, Aurobindo, Kopran,
on the petrochemical sector. Furthermore, severalCadilla, Wockhardt, etc. It is a well-acknowledged fact
manufacturing companies are focusing on expansionthat most of the bulk drug companies are Indian
plans in the coming years.companies while those into formulations are primarily
Chemicals and chemical products influence our lives inMNCs.
a significant way. Be it donning synthetic clothes, orAgrochemicals
consuming drugs, or when it comes to usingIndia being an agricultural dominated country, it is
thermoplastic furniture at homes and offices, chemicalsobvious that the country is a major user of
have become a way of life in this fast-changing world.agrochemicals; nonetheless, the average Indian
In addition, the industry plays a pivotal role in agriculturalconsumption is reportedly low i.e., 1/20th of world
and development sectors. Some of the other sectors,average. The segment has been witnessing a growth
like engineering, automotive, consumer durables andof 10% pa and has registered revenue worth US$800
food processing also depend on this sector in a bigmillion. Consumption of the crop varies depending on
way.the crop and region. Cash crops like sugarcane,
The industry is on a high growth trajectory. Thetobacco etc. consume large amount of pesticides,
industry, through a series of efforts is expected toalmost over 60%. Major agrochemicals exports include:
achieve USD 100 billion in the upcoming years. TheInsecticides, Fungicides, Herbicides, Weedicides,
industry’s contribution to the Indian manufacturingRodenticides, and Fumigants.
sector is almost 17.6 percent. Since the ages, IndianPaint and Dyes
chemicals have been traded and today imports standIndian dyes are in demand world over, thanks to ban
at USD 7.92 billion and exports at 5.95 billion. And nowon production of dyes in developed nations due to the
with the onset of liberalization and globalization, thereservations related to pollution. Dyes are principally
Industry is on a major expansion spree. The industryused in Paints, Inks, Textiles and Polymers. The total
today is into manufacturing wide range of goodsmarket of paint and dyes is almost US$ 1 Billion, and
including fine and specialty chemicals, drugs andthe growth rate is almost 12%. In addition, the
pharmaceuticals, dyes and pigments, agrochemicalsmarketplace is highly fragmented. There are about 25
and fertilizers, pesticides, plastics and petrochemicalslarge and medium players, which cover 50% market
etc.share, while 2000 other organized players contribute
However, Indian chemical industry is yet to makes itsnext fifty percent. Moreover, the per capita
presence felt in a big way in the international markets.consumption is very low in India(400 gms) as opposed
Fast-facts on Indian chemical industryto the developed countries(15 kgs).
• Highly fragmentedOverseas Trade
• Operates at the micro level.In the early 1990s, India was more into importing of
• Increased per capita consumption level has putchemicals; however, with the setting up of large scale
the industry on fast-trackpetrochemical plants like Reliance, etc exports have
• Higher cost of capital, import duties and power,improved. Even exports of bulk drugs, pharma,
making it less competitive in the international markets.pesticides, dyes and intermediates have climbed up.
• Very little spotlight on Resource &The overall performance of Indian Chemical Industry
Developmenthas been good in the domestic markets; however, in
• Presence of many multinational companiesthe international markets the industry it is yet to make
• Big players in bulk chemicals. Presence of smallits presence felt in a significant way. And factors like
and big players in fine and specialty chemicals.recession and crises in the Middle East have had a
Major Segmentspoor impact on the manufacturing and export sector
The Indian Chemical Industry has following majorof the industry.
segments:The International Council of Chemical Associations
* Petrochemicals(ICCA), an association that consists 80% of the world
* Inorganic Chemicalsmanufacturers of chemicals has announced its support
* Organic Chemicalsfor a new round of multilateral trade negotiations in the
* Fine and specialtiesWorld Trade Organization.
* Bulk DrugsICCA’s main concerns include: removal of chemical
* Agrochemicalstariffs, management of anti-dumping practices, making
* Paints and Dyessimpler the custom processes and full execution of
PetrochemicalsTRIPs agreement. While management of anti- dumping
Petrochemicals form the biggest category in thepractices would profit India, the tariff-free world would
chemicals, and it is also one of the fastest growinglead to stiff competition
sectors. The segement is into producing basicRoad ahead
chemicals like Ethylene, Propylene, Benzene andHighly developed technology, in-depth research
Xylene etc, intermediates like MEG, PAN and LAB etc.,capabilities, backward and forward linkages,
synthetic fibres like Nylon, PSF and PFY etc, polymersdevelopment of domestic capacity to decrease the
like LDPE/HDPE, PVC, Polyester and PET etc,dependence on imports are some of the crucial
synthetic rubber like SBR, PBR etc. The key playersfactors that need to be taken into consideration.
include: Reliance, IPCL, NOCIL, Haldia and GAIL etc.Nowadays, safety, health and environment protection
Inorganic Chemicalsissues have become the major-talking point in almost
At present it is worth US$ 2.5 Billion industry. Theall industries and even in the Indian chemical industry
segment concentrates on the production of caustic,too. The Indian chemical manufacturers are addressing
chlorine, sulphuric Acid etc. The inorganic chemicals arethe issue on a war-footing.