Discovery and Evolution of Silk Fabrics

Silk fabric is one of the most common and knownarthropod produce silk, most notably various arachnids
fiber on which textile industry is primarily dependent. It issuch as spiders (see spider silk).
natural protein fiber, some forms of which can beIf the history is looked at then it can be seen that a
woven into textiles. Silk fabric is such a fabric which isvariety of wild silks but produced by mulberry silkworm
made from threads and it is spun by the silkwas first woven and used in china, south Asia and
caterpillars. Silk caterpillars live on some specific tressEurope. But it was very limited in use and production
and eat their leaves to live. These tresses areand it was not silk fabric. Silk fabric was first
cultivated in order to cultivate these worms. Mulberrydeveloped in ancient china as early as in 3,500B.C. It
silk worm is one of them and most famous amongcan be proven from the geographical, cultural and
them because mulberry silk fabric is one of finest silkother instances and historical evidences. But gradually
made used for cloth manufacturing. The silk mothsfor its fine texture and luxury fabric and natural luster
make their cocoon. Before hatching of silk worm intothe use and fame spreads beyond china. Silk rapidly
moth the cocoons are soaked in hot water to producebecame a popular luxury fabric in the many areas
filaments. These filaments are then spun to form silkaccessible to Chinese merchants because of its
fibers which are processed to silk fabric.texture and luster. Silk was in great demand, and
There are many types of silkworm from whose larvabecame a staple of pre-industrial international trade.
and cocoons silk is being made. But the superior kind isNot only in china but in India also the evidences of
Bombyx mori which is known as mulberry silkworm.sericulture have been found by archeological survey. In
The process of cultivating silk worm is calledThailand also many instances are found which proves
sericulture. Silks are produced by many other insectsthe use of silk fabric. Moreover in Thailand many
but the best quality of silk is produced from mothcultural and mythological connections were also found
caterpillars. This silk is used in the textile industry mainly.with silk.
There has been some research into other silks, whichSilk fibers from the Bombyx mori silkworm have a
differ at the molecular level. Silks are mainly producedtriangular cross section with rounded corners, 5-10
by the larvae of insects that complete metamorphosis,μm wide. The flat surfaces of the fibrils reflect
but also by some adult insects such as web spinners.light at many angles, giving silk a natural shine. Silk has
Silk production is especially common in thea smooth, soft texture that is not slippery, unlike many
Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, and ants), and issynthetic fibers. Silk is a poor conductor of electricity
sometimes used in nest construction. Other types ofand thus susceptible to static cling.