Economic and Ethical Conflicts Confront the Green Industry

With increasing popularity of organic/green products,printing methods that may prevent the use of low
there has been a rapid expansion in the number andimpact dyes and inks.
variety of green companies. In terms of consumerIt's apparent that reducing chemical standards in
sales, the most appealing merchandise is producedorganic agriculture, purchasing and manufacturing
from pesticide-free organic agriculture.organic apparel abroad, or using less expensive toxic
The organic farming industry must follow regulationsdyes and inks can destroy everything the organic label
established by the Organic Foods Production Act. Notstands for in the organic food and clothing industry.
only are there restrictions for synthetic pesticides butWhen economic pressures confront responsible ethical
also synthetic fertilizers. With restricted use of thesecommitments, how do green companies resolve or
chemicals that control pests and promote plant growth,compromise their goals in such conflicts? How do they
increasing crop production is limited to a variety ofchoose between alternatives that have negative
traditional farming practices. These include cropconsequences no matter what they decide?
rotation, the use of natural predators and pesticidesShould the federal government intervene and support
and natural fertilizers. Many of us use these methods inthe popular green industry when Congress already has
our home gardens. But when organic farmingmany higher priorities? Today, these priorities range
becomes a business, crop yield is a critical economicfrom energy independence, to health care, to social
factor.security, to defense spending, to bailing out financial
In organic agriculture, the farming system works wellinstitutions and major corporations. In comparison, the
but crop production or net product yield has somegreen industry seems small and not a high priority.
limitations in comparison to inorganic agribusiness.However, depending on how you define green, green
Today, with rising costs including salaries and benefitscommerce in the US is very substantial, quite
to workers, profits are dropping in organic farming.diversified and growing rapidly despite economic
Of course, organic agriculture has provided theconcerns. Yet the industry still addresses a common
foundation for the emergent organic food and clothinggoal and top federal priorities.The definition of a green
industries. Organic food sales have been growingproduct doesn't require it to be organic. There are
about 20% per year and organic fiber or clothing atmany companies that provide inorganic products but
about 15% per year (Organic Trade Association).are still considered green. These businesses are green
However, limited crop yields are making it morebecause they all support a common goal of preserving
expensive to produce organic food and fiber. Some ofour environment by diminishing energy demands and
these costs are being passed on to related organiccarbon consumption. In general they help reduce our
companies that are now facing similar financial"carbon footprint" (consumption of carbon based
concerns. "Green compromises" are now beingnatural resources).
considered to reduce this economic burden.For example, the green energy industry provides us
The preceding discussion illustrates the difficult ethicalwith environmentally sound alternatives to using fossil
and economic conflicts for organic companies who byfuels. Consumption of carbon based fossil fuels results
definition have ethical goals. Lobbying congress toin environmental degradation, release of greenhouse
review the Organic Foods Production Act andgases, and a huge increase in our carbon footprint.
redefine the chemical requirements of "organic" is anThe alternative energy industry includes wind,
option for the agriculture industry. But loweringgeothermal, and solar energy. Certainly they address
standards would deface the value of the organic label.two of the highest priorities for the United States
Similar economic and ethical conflicts are confounding...protecting the environment and achieving energy
the commerce of the organic food and clothingindependence.
industries.Resolving economic and ethical conflicts for any
Organic apparel has no legislative restrictions ascorporation is a challenging task. This is especially true
compared to organic agriculture or food. Essentially,for the green industry due to their ethical commitment
everything is based on voluntary compliance withto the environment and the public. The long term
industry standards set by industry/consumerprognosis for resolving this problem and maintaining the
organizations.integrity of the organic label is unclear and depends in
Without legal guidelines, organic clothing companiespart on the course of our economy
have described their products as ethical fashion,However, some organic apparel companies have set
conscientious clothing or simply eco-friendly. Many ofa new standard for initiative by searching for an
these businesses call their apparel eco-friendly basedadditional no cost approach to promote rather than
on their use of low impact dyes and inks. They alsocompromise their ethical standards. Working
have used the term "sweatshop free" guaranteeingindependently, these companies actually came up with
safe working conditions and fair salaries for theirthe same innovative method to sustain their green
workers. Sadly, these conditions are not alwaysmissions. They use their organic clothing to address
present overseas.ethical principles and environmental responsibility.
Profits are being reduced with more expensive organicLive Life Organics, a Baltimore green company, is an
cotton, hemp, bamboo etc. In order to maintainonline retailer of organic cotton apparel. They provide
eco-friendly standards these expenses might bean easy example of how this method is implemented
passed on to the consumer. However, higher retailby their design and production team. They simply
prices in a slumping economy could still reduce salesdisplay inspirational messages on all their clothing
and profits. In that case clothing companies could turndesigns. They trust their positive messages will
to organic agriculture overseas with uncertain workingencourage positive thinking and an ethical lifestyle of
conditions and questionable product standards. Eachresponsibility to our planet and fellow man.
clothing company must resolve their own ethicalWhen confronted with economic or political problems
economic conflicts and select what they believe is thewe can't control, we all need to think about alternative
"best" course of action.approaches to achieve our goals. All of us can think of
Even if organic clothing production is kept in the US,different alternatives to reduce our carbon footprint.
there are sad economic alternatives to consider alongWe can also persuade our elected representatives to
with their related ethical concerns. Some apparelfollow an ethical path toward just legislation in the face
corporations might consider less expensive dyeing andof economic and political pressure.