Rug Fibres Explained

We hope by explaining the difference between thecolours. Although resistant to fading, intense sunlight
main fibres used in rug making, it will help you tocan degrade the surface of the pile. Given all the
choose the right fibre for you and your home. Theabove Polyprop in various forms is still sold widely, it
quality of the fibre used in a rug will determine how thedoes not shed fibres, is easy to clean and relatively
rug will perform, how long it will last and how much theinexpensive in comparison to the better quality
final rug will cost. It is important to understand that allpolyamides and wool fibres.
fibres are available in various qualities andRayon - Viscose
constructions. You cannot assume that a silk rug isThe oldest of all the manmade fibres Rayon is made
better than a wool rug or that a wool rug is better thanfrom cellulose found in the walls of plant cells. Also
polyprop rug, it depends on the quality of the fibre, howknown as Artsilk, the fibre is soft and has a high lustre
the rug is made, the density of the pile (How close theand sheen. Widely used in Hand tufted rugs as
tufts are together). Where the rug will be used, howhighlighting or to accent a design, more recently
the rug will be maintained and last but not least howviscose has been used in Shaggy rugs and blended
much you want to spend.with other fibres in machine made wilton qualities. The
Woolfibre has good appearance retention against soiling,
Wool can be hand spun or machine spun, afterstaining and is fade resistant to sunlight. The fibre has a
spinning the wool is usually plyed in the oppositetendancy to matt or flatten in traffic areas and
direction, the more turns in the yarn the stronger theperforms better when blended with other fibres.
finished yarn and the more resistant to wear. HandSilk
knotted Oriental rugs can be naturally dyed using plantSilk is derived from the silkworm and is used
and mineral dyestuffs, Chrome dyed using syntheticextensively in high quality Oriental hand knotted rugs
dyes or a mixture of the two. Hand tufted andand carpets. The fibre has excellent tensile strength
machine made rugs are dyed using synthetic chromebut does not perform well in high traffic areas, where it
dyes. Although quality can vary greatly wool is still thewill mat, crush and wear. These rugs are better used
most luxurious of all the rug fibres. Some initial sheddingin areas of light traffic (shoes off) or as wall hangings.
will occur on new rugs, some of these loose fibres willThe fibre is well suited as a highlight or accent in wool
be from the final shearing process used during making.rugs and performs better in this format. The most
This will usually subside given proper and regularexpensive of all the fibres used in rugmaking, these
maintenance. Shaggy rugs are usually felted yarns andrugs need to be cared for like the works of art which
can shed continuously in high traffic areas and althoughthey are. Specialist cleaning is required for all stains.
this will subside eventually, this can take a long periodJute - Sisal
of time. High quality wool is still the fibre of choice forJute is the softest of all the plant fibres, these rugs and
the rug connoisseur and along with silk the only fibrecarpets should only be used in light traffic areas. Sisal
that will retain and increase in value with time. Theis more forgiving than Jute or Coir and will perform
ultimate natural and green fibre, wool is inherently antibetter in traffic areas. Expect slubs, lines and
static, fire retardant and has excellent appearanceinconsistent colours, it all adds to the charm of the fibre.
retention properties.Jute fibres react badly to moisture and stains can be
Acrylichard to clean as over wetting (even clear water) can
Acrylic fibres are made from polymers and are widelycause staining. Biodegradable and very green, these
used in Hand - tufted rugs, Acrylic has the softestrugs and a true rustic and organic feel to any room.
handle out of all the manmade fibres. The betterStaining can be a problem with all the Natural Fibres,
qualities look and feel very close to wool. The fibrespecialist stain protection treatments can be applied
dyes well, has good appearance retention propertiesused in conjunction with the manufacturers
and is more resistant to fading than wool. The fibrerecommended cleaning products.
can have a tendency to bobble or pill in high trafficPolyamide - Nylon
areas, but the fibre offers excellent value for money.Polyamide, more commonly referred to as Nylon is the
Polypropylenemost durable of all the fibres used in carpet production.
Polypropylene is made from petroleum basedAlthough not widely used in rug making, the fibre is still
products,it is inherently stain resistant to most stainsavailable in broadloom carpets. There are two basic
and can withstand very harsh chemicals, even chlorinetypes of Nylon, Nylon type 6 and Nylon type 6.6. The
bleach. Due to the nature of the fibre, certain oil basedfibre can be solution dyed ( as polyprop ) for better
chemicals (including the oils from your skin) can fix itselfstain resistance or hank dyed as wool. It is the best of
to the fibre and cannot be removed. On light coloursall the manmade fibres for appearance retention and
this will be seen as soiling in the traffic areas, spotsbest recovery properties in heavy traffic areas.
reappearing after cleaning and yellowing. Due to theNylon (Polyamide) has fell out of favour in domestic
fibres low melting point, abrasive wear and friction onhomes in the UK, but is still widely used in the contract
the pile surface can cause irreversible flattening andand commercial sector all over the World.
matting. This is less obvious on mid tones and darker