Saffron Origins and Uses

It's been a long time since spice has been considered aBecause of its bitter, hay-like quality, the flower is
valued commodity. However, when it is taken intocommon in cheeses, curries, liquors, meat dishes and
consideration that a soccer field's worth of flowers issoups. In India and Spain, it's also a popular condiment
necessary to produce one pound of spice, it is farfor rice; the famous Spanish dish paella relies heavily
easier to conceptualize its value.on saffron. French food connoisseurs can also find the
Saffron is almost worth its weight in gold. Its increasedflavor in bouillabaisse, which is a spicy fish stew from
demand and sensitivity to growing conditions hasMarseilles
rendered this spice one of the rarest, mostThe medicinal use of the flower is also
sought-after items in the world.highly-celebrated in many cultures. During medieval
Saffron comes from the dried stigma of the saffrontimes, Europeans used saffron to treat respiratory
crocus flower. Once dried, it is often used as a flavorinfections like asthma, smallpox and common colds.
in Mediterranean dishes and a fabric-coloring agent. ItAncient Egyptians, one of the major proponents of the
has also been used medicinally for thousands of yearsspice, used it as an aphrodisiac and tonic to battle
by ancient civilizations. The word has ties with thedysentery. In modern times, saffron is used as an
Arabic word as far, which means "yellow"; the dyeanticarcinogenic, or cancer-suppressing, agent. Extract
found in the spice is what gives many foods theirfrom the spice has also been known to delay ascites
distinct, yellow coloring. The taste of saffron istumor growth. Finally, it is used widely as an
described as bitter with a hay-like fragrance.antioxidant- An anti-aging agent known to prevent
Cultivating the plant is difficult, which causes itsneurological damage and cell deterioration.
extraordinarily high price. The minute stigmas are theThe flower's stamens have been used extensively for
only part of the flower that produces the aroma andfabric dye, especially in such countries as China and
flavor desired for cooking, which makes farmingIndia. Even though its instability as a coloring agent
incredibly difficult. Between 50,000-75,000 flowers areresults as quick-fading articles, the dye is still very
required to produce one pound of dry saffron, whichpopular for its vibrant-orange quality. More stamens
becomes an even direr situation considering theadded will produce a brilliant shade of red. Because of
flowers' simultaneous blooming; 40 hours of intensethe high cost and arduous method of cultivation,
labor is required to cultivate a marketable amount ofsaffron-dyed clothing is something of a luxury, often
saffron during the blooming season. In Kashmir, one ofreserved for royalty and high-class. The vermillion and
the most prolific areas, thousands of farmers work inochre hues of robes worn by Hindu and Buddhist
relays, day and night, to two weeks to earn amonks are produced by saffron dye. In Europe, the
substantial amount of stigmas.spice is used in aromatic oil called crocinum, which is
Indian, Arab, Iranian, Central Asian, European andused in wine and air fresheners.
Moroccan dishes are often spiced with saffron.