Timeline of clothing and textiles technology

Timeline of clothing and textiles technology.1847 William Mason Patents his "Mason self-acting"
See also: History of clothing and textilesMule.
See also: textile manufacturingpre-history spindle used1849 Matthew Townsend patents the variant of latch
to create yarn from fibres.needle which has been the most widely used needle in
(unknown) loom.c. 27000 BC Impressions of textilesweft knitting machines.
and basketry and nets left on little pieces of hard1856 William Henry Perkin invents the first synthetic
clay.c. 25000 BC Venus figurines depicted withdye.
clothing.c. 8000 BC Evidence of flax cultivation in the1856 Jeacock of Leicester patented the tubular pipe
Near East.c. 6500 BC Approximate date ofcompound needle.
Naalebinding examples found in Nehal Hemar cave,1857 Luke Barton introduces a self-acting narrowing
Israel. This technique, which uses short separatemechanism on S. Wise's knitting machine.
lengths of thread, predated the invention of knitting1857 Arthur Paget patents a multi-head knitting
(with its continuous lengths of thread) and requires thatmachine called "Paget-machine".
all of the as-yet unused thread be pulled through the1859 Redgate invents a warp knitting machine working
loop in the sewn material. This requires much greaterwith vertical position latch needles, called later as
skill than knitting in order to create a fine product.c."Raschel machine" (named after the French actress
6000 BC Evidence of woven textiles used to wraplisabeth Flice Rachel).
the dead at atalhyk in Anatolia.c. 5000 BC Production1864 William Cotton patents the straight bar knitting
of linen cloth in Ancient Egypt, along with other bastmachine named after him ("Cotton machine").
fibers including rush, reed, palm, and papyrus.1865 The American Isaac Wixom Lamb patents the
4200 BC Date of Mesolithic examples of Naalebindingflat knitting machine using latch needles.
found in Denmark, marking spread of technology to1865 Clay invents the double-headed latch needle
Northern Europe.c. 3000 BC Breeding of domesticatedwhich has enabled to create purl stitch knitting.
sheep with a wooly fleece rather than hair in the Near1866 The American Mac Nary patents the circular
East.knitting machine (with vertical needles) for fabrication
200 BC to 200 AD Approximate date of earliestof socks and stockings with heel and toe pouches.
evidence of "Needle Knitting" in Peru, a form of1878 Henry Griswold adds a second set of needles
Naalebinding that preceded local contact with the(horizontal needles) to the circular knitting machine
Spanish.c. 200 AD Earliest woodblock printing fromenabling knitting of rib fabrics as cuff for socks.
China. Flowers in three colors on silk.1881 Pierre Durand invents the tubular pipe compound
247 AD Dura-Europos, a Roman outpost, is destroyed.needle.
Excavations of the city discovered early examples of1892 Cross, Bevan & Beadle invent Viscose.
naalebinding fabric.1889 Northrop Loom: Draper Corporation, First
298 AD earliest attestation of a foot-powered loomautomatic bobbin changing weaving loom placed in
with a hint the invention arose at Tarsusproduction. Over 700,000 would be sold worldwide.
500 to 1000 AD spinning wheel in use in India..[citation1900 Heinrich Stoll creates the flat bed purl knitting
needed]machine.
500 AD -jia xie method for resist dyeing (usually silk)1910 Spiers invents the circular bed purl knitting
using wood blocks invented in China. An upper and amachine.c. 1920 Hattersley loom developed by George
lower block is made, with carved out compartmentsHattersley and Sons.
opening to the back, fitted with plugs. The cloth, usually1949 Heinrich Mauersberger invents the sewing-knitting
folded a number of times, is inserted and clampedtechnique and his "Malimo" machine.
between the two blocks. By unplugging the different1953 First commercial polyester fiber production by
compartments and filling them with dyes of differentDuPont.
colors, a multi-colored pattern can be printed over quite1954 Fiber reactive dye invented.
a large area of folded cloth.1963 Open-end spinning developed in Czechoslovakia.
600 AD Oldest samples of cloth printed bySee also
Woodblock printing from Egypt.Timeline of historic inventions
1000's AD Finely decorated examples of cotton socksNotes
made by true knitting using continuous thread appear in^ a b "Stone Age clothing more advanced than
Egypt.thought" by Gloria Chang, February 3, 2000
1275 Approximate date of a silk burial cushion knit in^ a b c Cambridge History of Western Textiles p.
two colors found in the tomb of Spanish royalty.39-47
1562 Date of first example of use of the purl stitch,^ Barber 1991.
from a tomb in Toledo, Spain, which allows knitting of^ a b Theaker 2006.
panels of material. Previously material had to be knitted^ Cambridge History of Western Textiles p. 30-39
in the round (in a tubular form) and cut it open.^ Bender 1990.
1589 William Lee invents stocking frame, the first but^ Bennett & Bird 1960.
hand-operated weft knitting machine.c. 1600 The^ a b Shelagh Vainker in Anne Farrer (ed), "Caves of
modern spinning wheel comes together with thethe Thousand Buddhas" , 1990, British Museum
addition of the treadle to the flyer wheel.publications, ISBN 0-7141-1447-2
1733 John Kay patents the flying shuttle.^ D.L.Carroll Dating the Foot-powered loom: the Coptic
1738 Lewis Paul patents the draw roller.evidence American Journal of Archaeology 1985 vol.
1758 Jedediah Strutt adds a second set of needles to89; 168-73
Lee's stocking frame thus creating the rib frame.References
1764 James Hargreaves or Thomas Highs invents theBarber, E. J. W.; Prehistoric Textiles: The Development
spinning jenny (patented 1770).of Cloth in the Neolithic and Bronze Ages with special
1767 John Kay invents the spinning frame.reference to the Aegean; Princeton University Press,
1768 Josiah Crane invents the hand-operated warpPrinceton, New Jersey, 1991; ISBN 0-691-03597-0
knitting machine.(Barber 1991)
1769 Richard Arkwright's water frame.Barber, Elizabeth Wayland, Women's Work: The First
1769 Samuel Wise solves the mechanization of W.20,000 Years: Women, Cloth, and Society in Early
Lee's stocking frame.Times, W. W. Norton & Company, new edition,
1779 Samuel Crompton invents the spinning mule.1995 (Barber 1995)
1784 Edmund Cartwright invents the power loom.Bender Jrgensen, Lise; 'Stone-Age Textiles in North
1791 The Englishman Dawson solves theEurope' in Textiles in Northern Archaeology, Textile
mechanization of the warp knitting machine.Symposium in York, North European Symposium for
1793 Samuel Slater of Belper establishes the firstArchaeological Textiles Monograph 3, NESAT III;
successful cotton spinning mill in the United States, atLondon Archetype Publications, 1990; ISBN
Pawtucket; beginnings of the "Rhode Island System"1-873132-05-0.
1794 Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin.Bennett, Wendell C. & Bird, Junius B.; Andean
1798 The Frenchman Decroix (or Decroise) patentsCulture History; Handbook Series No. 15; second and
the circular bearded needle knitting machine.revised edition; The American Museum of Natural
1801 Joseph Marie Jacquard invents the JacquardHistory; A publication of the Anthropological Handbook
punched card loom.Fund, New York, 1960
1806 Pierre Jeandeau patents the first latch needle (forJenkins, David, ed.: The Cambridge History of Western
using on knitting machine).Textiles, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press,
1813 William Horrocks improves the power loom.2003, ISBN 0521341078
1814 Paul Moody of the Boston ManufacturingTheaker, Julie. 'History 101' in
Company builds the first power loom in the UnitedOffermann Peter, Tausch-Marton, Harald: Grundlagen
States; beginnings of the "Waltham System"der Maschenwarentechnologie. VEB Fachbuchverlag,
1823 - Associates of the late Francis Cabot Lowell ofLeipzig, 1978
the Boston Manufacturing Company begin operationsSpencer, J. David: Knitting Technology. Pergamon
at the Merrimack Manufacturing Company at EastPress, Oxford, 1983. ISBN 0 08-024763-6
Chelmsford, Massachusetts. In 1826, East ChelmsfordModig, Niels.: Hosiery Machines. Meisenbach, Bamberg,
becomes incorporated as the town of Lowell,1988. ISBN 3 87525 048 6v d e
Massachusetts, the first factory city in the UnitedTextile arts
States.Fundamentals:
1828 Paul Moody develops the leather belt and pulleyApplique Crochet Dyeing Embroidery Fabric (textiles)
power transmission system, which would become theFelting Fiber Knitting Lace Nlebinding Needlework
standard for U.S. mills.Patchwork Passementerie Plying Quilting Rope Sewing
1842 Lancashire Loom developed by Bullough andSpinning Tapestry Textile printing Weaving Yarn
Kenworthy, a semi automatic Power loom.History of...